Firstly, AI introduces new approaches to teaching that take individual needs into account. Through data analysis and pattern identification, AI generates lessons, activities and content adapted to the learning pace and educational level of each student.
Secondly, not all families have sufficient resources to be able to access private tutoring, limiting the possibilities for students with less purchasing power. The democratisation of AI helps to reduce this barrier, generating a new, more inclusive education system.
Thirdly, AI systems offer complete availability 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This gives students greater flexibility, making it easier for them to balance their academic development with extracurricular, leisure or work activities.
Finally, the AI can repeat lessons and provide feedback as many times as necessary without experiencing frustration or exhaustion. In this way, students can review academic content without fear of ‘annoying’ or ‘tiring’ the system. Additionally, the AI does not make value judgements, reducing the external pressure that can influence students when asking questions or proposing answers.
Countries with strategies for the application of artificial intelligence in the education system
Aware of these advantages, some countries, such as South Korea, Singapore and Finland, have already begun to integrate artificial intelligence into their education systems.
South Korea has positioned itself as one of the countries leading the application of AI in the classroom. Several schools in the country already use AI-based systems to adapt tasks to the academic level of their students. In addition, South Korea aims to introduce AI as a subject within its educational programme.
Another Asian country that stands out in the introduction of AI in education is Singapore. As part of the ‘Smart Nation’ strategy, Singapore is developing an AI system with the aim of increasing students’ academic performance. More specifically, this new system will offer a personalised experience through continuous assessment accompanied by feedback and corrections.
Finally, despite not having a defined implementation strategy as in the previous two cases, Finland stands out for its unique approach to the application of AI in the classroom. Focusing on the well-being of students, the country is designing an AI system that not only allows for personalisation of teaching, but also collects data on emotional and psychological state with the aim of offering adequate support that considers the state and needs of students.
Spain’s progress in integrating artificial intelligence in the classroom
Through its Artificial Intelligence Strategy 2020, which was recently revised in 2024, Spain has sought to position itself as a leading country in the design and application of AI. However, it does not yet have a defined strategy for implementing AI in the classroom. The closest initiative in this area is the publication of the Guide on the use of artificial intelligence in education, produced by the National Institute of Educational Technologies and Teacher Training (INTEF), which reports to the Ministry of Education, Vocational Training and Sport. The document offers a comprehensive approach to applying AI in the education system in a way that benefits both teachers and students. In addition, it provides guidance on how to address challenges such as the lack of adequate training among educators, data management and the need for appropriate technological infrastructures in order to ensure an effective and accessible implementation of AI in the classroom.
In conclusion, artificial intelligence in education offers the potential to transform the learning experience, making it more personalised, flexible and accessible. This technology provides continuous support, adapts to the individual needs of each student and promotes greater equity in access to particular teaching. Recognising these benefits, some countries are already beginning to design and apply AI strategies in classrooms in order to improve student performance and well-being. In the process, it is crucial to ensure that the AI system has been developed with ethical principles in mind and that students make responsible use of the technology.
